Second
Middle English: via Old French from Latin secundus ‘following, second’, from the base of sequi ‘follow’. The verb dates from the late 16th century.
wiktionary
From Middle English secunde, second, secound, secund, borrowed from Old French second, seond, from Latin secundus(“following, next in order”), from root of sequor(“I follow”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-(“to follow”). Doublet of secundo. Displaced native twoth and partially displaced native other (from Old English ōþer(“other; next; second”)).
From Middle English secunde, seconde, borrowed from Old French seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta(“second diminished part (of the hour)”).
From Middle French seconder, from Latin secundō(“assist, make favorable”).
etymonline
second (adj., n.)
"next in order after the first; an ordinal numeral; being one of two equal parts into which a whole is regarded as divided;" c. 1300, from Old French second, secont, and directly from Latin secundus "following, next in time or order," also "secondary, subordinate, inferior," from PIE *sekw-ondo-, pariticipal form of root *sekw- "to follow."
Replaced native other in this sense because of the ambiguity of the earlier word. Second sight is from 1610s; an etymologically perverse term, because it means in reality the sight of events before, not after, they occur. Second fiddle is attested by 1809:
A metaphor borrowed from a musical performer who plays the second or counter to one who plays the first or the "air." [Bartlett, "Dictionary of Americanisms," 1848]
second (n.1)
"one-sixtieth of a minute of degree," also "sixtieth part of a minute of time," late 14c. in geometry, from Old French seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta "second diminished part," the result of the second division of the hour by sixty (the first being the "prime minute," now called the minute), from Latin secunda, fem. of secundus "following, next in time or order" (see second (adj.)). The second hand of a clock is attested from 1759.
second (v.)
1580s, "to support or represent in a duel, fight, etc.," from French seconder, from Latin secundare "to assist, make favorable," from secundus "assisting, favorable, following, second" (see second (adj.)). The parliamentary sense is first recorded 1590s. Related: Seconded; seconding.
second (n.2)
"assistant, supporter," 1580s, from second (v.).
