Mental

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late Middle English: from late Latin mentalis, from Latin mens, ment- ‘mind’.

wiktionary

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Borrowing from Middle French mental, from Late Latin mentālis, from mēns(“mind, disposition; heart, soul”) +‎ -ālis(“-al”, adjectival suffix).

c.1727, from Latin mentum(“the chin”) +‎  -al. 

etymonline

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mental (adj.)

early 15c., "in, of, or pertaining to the mind; characteristic of the intellect," from Late Latin mentalis "of the mind," from Latin mens (genitive mentis) "mind," from PIE root *men- (1) "to think."

In Middle English, also "of the soul, spiritual." From 1520s as "done or performed in the mind." Meaning "crazy, deranged" is by 1927, probably from combinations such as mental patient (1859); mental hospital (1891). Mental health is attested by 1803; mental illness by 1819; mental retardation by 1904.