Mathematical
late Middle English: from Latin mathematicalis, from Greek mathēmatikos, from mathēma, mathēmat- ‘science’, from the base of manthanein ‘learn’.
wiktionary
From Middle English mathematicalle, mathematical, from Medieval Latin mathēmaticālis.
etymonline
mathematical (adj.)
"of, pertaining to, or of the nature of mathematics," early 15c., from Medieval Latin mathematicus "of or belonging to mathematics," from Latin mathematica (see mathematic) + -al (1). Also, by 1765, "pertaining to the quadrivium," comprising arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. It also could include optics. Related: Mathematically.
The four mathematical arts are arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy; these anciently were termed the quadrivium, or fourfold way of knowledge. [Sir John Hawkins, "A General History of the Science and Practice of Music," Sir John Hawkins, 1776]
