Close
Middle English: from Old French clos (as noun and adjective), from Latin clausum ‘enclosure’ and clausus ‘closed’, past participle of claudere .
wiktionary
From Middle English closen(“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen(“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan(“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos(“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos(“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus(“shut up”, past participle), from claudere(“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *klāw-(“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis(“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus(“nail, peg”), claustrum(“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra(“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς(kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen(“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten(“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan(“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.
Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.
etymonline
close (v.)
(klōz), c. 1200, "to shut, cover in," from Old French clos- (past participle stem of clore "to shut, to cut off from"), 12c., from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere "to shut, close; to block up, make inaccessible; put an end to; shut in, enclose, confine" (always -clusus, -cludere in compounds), from PIE root *klau- "hook," also "peg, nail, pin," all things used as locks or bolts in primitive structures.
Also partly from Old English beclysan "close in, shut up." Intransitive sense "become shut" is from late 14c. Meaning "draw near to" is from 1520s. Intransitive meaning "draw together, come together" is from 1550s, hence the idea in military verbal phrase close ranks (mid-17c.), later with figurative extensions. Meaning "bring to an end, finish" is from c. 1400; intransitive sense "come to an end" is from 1826. Of stock prices, from 1860. Meaning "bring together the parts of" (a book, etc.) is from 1560s. Related: Closed; closing.
close (adj.)
(klōs), late 14c., "strictly confined," also "secret," from Old French clos "confined; concealed, secret; taciturn" (12c.), from Latin clausus "close, reserved," past-participle adjective from claudere "stop up, fasten, shut" (see close (v.)); main sense shifting to "near" (late 15c.) by way of "closing the gap between two things." Related: Closely.
Meaning "narrowly confined, pent up" is late 14c. Meaning "near" in a figurative sense, of persons, from 1560s. Meaning "full of attention to detail" is from 1660s. Sense of "stingy, penurious" is from 1650s. Of contests, from 1855.
Close call "narrow escape" is from 1866, in a quotation in an anecdote from 1863, possibly a term from the American Civil War; close shave in the figurative sense is 1820, American English. Close range (n.) "a short distance" is from 1814. Close-minded is attested from 1818. Close-fisted "penurious, miserly" is from c. 1600, on the notion of "keeping the hands tightly shut."
close (n.)
(klōz), late 14c., "act of closing, conclusion, termination," from close (v.). Also in early use "enclosure, enclosed space" (late 13c.), from Old French clos, noun use of the past participle. Specifically in music, "conclusion of a strain or passage," 1590s.
close (adv.)
(klōs), "tightly, with no opening or space between," from close (adj.).
