Arterial

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late Middle English: from medieval Latin arterialis, from Latin arteria (see artery).

wiktionary

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From artery +‎ -al.

etymonline

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arterial (adj.)

early 15c., "of or pertaining to an artery," from French artérial (Modern French artériel), from Latin arteria "an artery; the windpipe" (see artery). Meaning "resembling an artery system, having a main channel and many branches" is from 1831.