List

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Middle English(in list1 (sense 3 of the noun)): from Old English liste ‘border’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch lijst and German Leiste . list1 (sense 2 of the noun) is late Middle English, from Old French lisse ; list1 (sense 1 of the noun) is late 16th century, from French liste, of Germanic origin.


文件:Ety img list.png

wiktionary

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From Middle English lī̆st, lī̆ste(“band, stripe; hem, selvage; border, edge, rim; list, specification; barriers enclosing area for jousting, etc.”), from Old English līste(“hem, edge, strip”), or Old French liste, listre(“border; band; strip of paper; list”), or Medieval Latin lista, [1] all from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ(“band, strip; hem, selvage; border, edge”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *leys-(“to trace, track”). The word is cognate with Dutch lijst(“list”), Finnish lista(“(informal) list; batten”), Galician lista(“band, strip; list”), German Leiste(“ledge; (heraldry) bar”), Icelandic lista, listi, Italian lista(“list; strip”), Portuguese lista(“list”), Spanish lista(“list, roll; stripe”), Swedish lista(“list”).

From Middle English list, liste(“ability, cleverness, cunning, skill; adroitness, dexterity; strategem, trick; device, design, token”), from Old English list(“art, craft; cleverness, cunning, experience, skill”), [2] from Proto-Germanic *listiz(“art, craft”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys-, *leyǝs-(“furrow, trace, track, trail”). The word is cognate with Dutch list(“artifice, guile, sleight; ruse, strategem”), German List(“cunning, guile; ploy, ruse, trick”), Low German list(“artifice, cunning; prudence, wisdom”), Icelandic list(“art”), Saterland Frisian list(“cunning, knowledge”), Scots list(“art, craft, skill; cunning”), Swedish list(“art; cunning, guile, wile; ruse, trick; stealth”), and possibly Spanish listo(“clever”). It is also related to learn, lore.

Clipping of list(en).

From Middle English listen, list, liste, leste, lesten(“to choose, desire, wish (to do something)”), from Old English lystan, [3] from Proto-Germanic *lustijaną, from Proto-Germanic *lustuz(“pleasure”). The word is cognate with Danish lyste(“to desire, feel like, want”), Dutch lusten(“to appreciate, like; to lust”), Faroese lysta(“to desire”), Old Norse lyste(“to desire; to lust”), Old High German lusten (modern German gelüsten and lüsten).

The noun sense is from the verb, or from Middle English list, liste, lest, leste(“desire, wish; craving, longing; enjoyment, joy, pleasure”), which is derived from Middle English listen, list(verb). [4]

Origin uncertain; [5] possibly from tilting on lists in jousts, [6] or from Etymology 4 in the sense of inclining towards what one desires. [7]


etymonline

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list (n.1)

"catalogue consisting of names in a row or series," c. 1600, from Middle English liste "border, edging, stripe" (late 13c.), from Old French liste "border, band, row, group," also "strip of paper," or from Old Italian lista "border, strip of paper, list," both from Germanic sources (compare Old High German lista "strip, border, list," Old Norse lista "border, selvage," Old English liste "border of cloth, fringe"), from Proto-Germanic *liston, from PIE *leizd- "border, band."

The original Middle English sense is now obsolete. The sense of "enumeration" is from strips of paper used as a sort of catalogue. The native Old English form of the word lingered as list in a few specialized senses. List price is from 1871.




list (v.1)

"to tilt, lean, incline to one side," especially of a ship, 1880, earlier spelled lust (1620s), of unknown origin. Perhaps an unexplained spelling variant of Middle English lysten "to please, desire, wish, like" (see list (v.4)) with a sense development from the notion of "leaning" toward what one desires (compare incline (v.)). Related: Listed; listing.




list (v.2)

also lyst, "hear, harken," now poetic or obsolete, from Old English hlystan "hear, hearken," from hlyst "hearing," from Proto-Germanic *hlustjan (source also of Old Norse hlusta), from PIE root *kleu- "to hear." With "noun-formative -t-" [Century Dictionary]. Related: Listed; listing.




list (v.3)

"to put down in a list or catalogue; to make a list of," 1610s, from list (n.1). Meaning "to place real estate on the market" is from 1904. Meaning "put an edge around" (c. 1300, now probably obsolete) is from Old French lister or else from list (n.2). Related: Listed; listing.




list (v.4)

"to be pleased, desire" (intransitive), a sense now archaic, mid-12c., lusten, listen "to please, desire," from Old English lystan "to please, cause pleasure or desire, provoke longing," from Proto-Germanic *lustjan (source also of Old Saxon lustian, Dutch lusten "to like, fancy," Old High German lusten, German lüsten, Old Norse lysta "desire, wish, have a fancy"), from *lustuz-, from PIE root *las- "to be eager, wanton, or unruly" (see lust (n.)). Related: Listed; listing.




list (n.2)

"a narrow strip," Old English liste "border, hem, edge, strip," from Proto-Germanic *liston (source also of Old High German lista "strip, border, list," Old Norse lista "border, selvage," German leiste), from PIE *leizd- "border, band" (see list (n.1)). The Germanic root also is the source of French liste, Italian lista. The word has had many technical senses in English, including "lobe of an ear" and "a stripe of color." This also is the list in archaic lists "place of combat" (late 14c.), from an earlier sense "boundary;" the fighting ground being originally at the boundary of fields.




list (n.3)

"a lean (of a ship) to one side," 1834, from earlier lust, from the verb (see list (v.1)).




list (n.4)

c. 1200, "pleasure, enjoyment;" mid-13c., "desire, wish, will, choice," from list (v.4). Somehow English has lost listy (adj.) "pleasant, willing (to do something); ready, quick" (mid-15c.).