Cram

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Old English crammian, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch krammen ‘to cramp or clamp’.


文件:Ety img cram.png

wiktionary

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From Middle English crammen, from Old English crammian(“to cram; stuff”), from Proto-West Germanic *krammōn, from Proto-Germanic *krammōną, a secondary verb derived from *krimmaną(“to stuff”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger-(“to assemble; collect; gather”). Compare Old English crimman(“to cram; stuff; insert; press; bruise”), Icelandic kremja(“to squeeze; crush; bruise”).


etymonline

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cram (v.)

Old English crammian "press something into something else," from Proto-Germanic *kramm- (source also of Old High German krimman "to press, pinch," Old Norse kremja "to squeeze, pinch"), from extended form of PIE root *ger- "to gather."

From early 14c. as "fill with more than can be conveniently contained." Meaning "study intensely for an exam in a short time" (with a view to passing the test, not real learning) is attested by 1803, transitive as well as reflexive, originally British student slang. Related: Crammed; cramming; crammer.