Dogged
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Old English docga, of unknown origin.
wiktionary
From the verb to dog.
From Middle English dogged, doggid, doggyd(“characteristics similar to that of a dog”), equivalent to dog + -ed.
etymonline
dogged (adj.)
"having the qualities of a dog" (mostly in a negative sense, "mean, surly, contemptible"), c. 1300, from dog (n.). Meaning "persistent, silently obstinate" is from 1779. Hence doggedly (late 14c.), "cruelly, maliciously;" later "with a dog's persistence" (1773). Related: Doggedness.