Beaten
来自Big Physics
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Old English bēatan, of Germanic origin.
wiktionary
beat + -en
etymonline
beaten (adj.)
"hammered, wrought upon by beating" (of metal, etc.), c. 1300, from alternative past participle of beat (v.). Meaning "defeated, vanquished" is from 1560s; that of "repeatedly struck" is from 1590s.
