Fraught

来自Big Physics
Safin讨论 | 贡献2022年4月27日 (三) 21:34的版本 (建立内容为“Category:etymology == google == [https://www.google.com.hk/search?q=fraught+etymology&newwindow=1&hl=en ref] late Middle English, ‘laden, equipped’, past…”的新页面)
(差异) ←上一版本 | 最后版本 (差异) | 下一版本→ (差异)

google

ref

late Middle English, ‘laden, equipped’, past participle of obsolete fraught ‘load with cargo’, from Middle Dutch vrachten, from vracht ‘ship's cargo’. Compare with freight.


Ety img fraught.png

wiktionary

ref

From Middle English fraught, freght, from Middle Dutch vracht or Middle Low German vracht(“freight money”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fra-(intensive prefix) + Proto-Germanic *aihtiz(“possession”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ-(“to possess”). Cognate with Old High German frēht(“earnings”), Old English ǣht(“owndom”), and a doublet of freight. More at for-, own. Adjective from Middle English, passive participle of the verb fraughten, from Middle Dutch vrachten.

From Middle English fraughten, fraghten, freghten, from Middle Dutch vrachten, vrechten, from the noun (see above).


etymonline

ref

fraught (adj.)


late 14c., "freighted, laden, loaded, stored with supplies" (of vessels); figurative use from early 15c.; past-participle adjective from obsolete verb fraught "to load (a ship) with cargo," Middle English fraughten (c. 1400), which always was rarer than the past participle, from noun fraught "a load, cargo, lading of a ship" (early 13c.), which is the older form of freight (n.).


This apparently is from a North Sea Germanic source, Middle Dutch vrecht, vracht "hire for a ship, freight," or similar words in Middle Low German or Frisian, apparently originally "earnings," from Proto-Germanic *fra-aihtiz "property, absolute possession," from *fra-, here probably intensive + *aigan "be master of, possess" (from PIE root *aik- "be master of, possess"). Related: Fraughtage.