Madeleine

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wiktionary

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Borrowed from French madeleine, from earlier gâteau à la Madeleine, after the given name Madeleine(“Magdalene”), of uncertain reference: attributed in some sources to a 19th-century pastry cook Madeleine Paulmier, whose existence is now considered dubious.

In sense 2, used with reference to the cake's function in the extract below, taken from Marcel Proust's In Search of Lost Time.


etymonline

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Madeleine

fem. proper name, variation of Madeline. The kind of small, rich confection is attested from 1845, said in OED to be named for Madeleine Paulmier, 19c. French pastry cook; any use with a sense of "small thing that evokes powerful nostalgia" is due to Proust (1922).