Stain
late Middle English (as a verb): shortening of archaic distain, from Old French desteindre ‘tinge with a colour different from the natural one’. The noun was first recorded (mid 16th century) in the sense ‘defilement, disgrace’.
wiktionary
From Middle English steinen, steynen(“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina(“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn(“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ(stainaz), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz(“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂-(“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān(“stone”). More at stone.
Replaced native Middle English wem(“spot, blemish, stain”) from Old English wem(“spot, stain”).
In some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen(“to discolor, remove the colour from"; literally, "de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre(“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre(“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des-(“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre(“to dye”), from Latin tingo.
etymonline
stain (v.)
late 14c., "damage or blemish the appearance of," probably representing a merger of Old Norse steina "to paint, color, stain," and a shortened form of Middle English disteynen "to discolor or stain," from Old French desteign-, stem of desteindre "to remove the color" (Modern French déteindre), from des- (from Latin dis- "remove;" see dis-) + Old French teindre "to dye," from Latin tingere (see tincture). Meaning "to color" (fabric, wood, etc.) is from 1650s. Intransitive sense "to become stained, take stain" is from 1877. Related: Stained; staining. Stained glass is attested from 1791.
stain (n.)
1560s, "act of staining," from stain (v.). Meaning "a stain mark, discoloration produced by foreign matter" is from 1580s. Meaning "dye used in staining" is from 1758.
